Stars
Many might wonder what stars look like in reality, but they don't know that they look at a star everyday. The Sun, our star, is a very important part of our lives. On this page you will see the interior and exterior of the Sun, and the other types of stars as well.
The sun consists of three layers: the core, the radiation zone, and the convection zone. The core of the sun is where the sun's energy is produced. Here temperatures are so high that nuclear fusion can take place. The radiation zone is where tightly packed gas is transferring energy in the form of electromagnet radiation. But, the zone is so dense that it might take 100,000 years for energy to go through. Finally, the convection zone is outer part of the Suns interior. Here, hot gases rise from the bottom of the convection zone and
The sun's exterior consists of three layers too: the photosphere, the chromosphere, and the corona. The photosphere in the inner most layer of the suns atmosphere and gives off visible light. It doesn't have a solid surface either. The chromosphere is the middle layer of the sun. It shows as a glow just visible around the photosphere. The corona is the out most layer of the suns atmosphere. It extends of into space for millions of kilometers, and gradually thins into electricity charged particles because of solar wind.
The sun has been providing energy for us for millions of years. This energy is produced from nuclear fusion, which is when two atomic nuclei combine to form a larger nucleus to release energy. The nuclear fusion takes place at the core, where there is intense pressure and temperature high enough for nuclear fusion to happen.
There are many features on the sun. Sunspots are areas on the sun that are cooler than the gases around them. They are darker then the rest of the sun because it is cooler, and cooler means less light. Prominences are large red loops of gas that link different parts of sunspot regions. They can sometimes be seen extending over the edge of the sun. Solar flares are eruptions that suddenly connect and convert magnetic energy into thermal energy. Solar winds are a result of an increase in the number of particles that reach Earths upper atmosphere. They are blocked by Earth's magnetic field block except in the North and South Pole.
Using the H-R diagram, one can classify the relationships between surface temperature and the absolute brightness of stars. The white dwarf has a white color(white dwarf) and its temperature reaches from 6,000 C to 10,000 C. An example of a white dwarf is Sirius B, the first white dwarf discovered. The Main Sequence has temperature from 20.000 C to 50,000 C with a blue or blue white color. An example of a Main Sequence is Sirius A. The Giant is a red or red orange color that has temperature between 3,000 C and 5,000 C. An example of a giant is Alpha Centauri B. Finally there are the Super Giants that are a yellow color with temperature between 5.000 and 6,000 degrees Celsius. An example of a giant would be our very own Sun.
The color and temperature of a star is related because, by the HR diagram, the surface temperature increases as the absolute brightness increases.